Following the German invasion in 1939, my family and I hid from the Germans in village of Zileonka. After the situation cooled down, I went back to my hometown with my family. Soon, my family was separated. I moved between local villages, at one point escaping from a truck transporting Jews to a labor camp in order to make my way back to my family. In 1942, my family left their hiding place in the ghetto and went to the town of Ciepelow where they were rounded up by the Germans. There they were either killed on the spot or deported to Treblinka. In October, 1942, I was sent to Polichna where I worked on a government run potato farm. In December, 1942, I was moved to Skarzysko-Kamienna where I worked as a forced laborer for the Hugo Schneider Aktiengellescaft (HASAG). After the liquidation of Skarzysko-Kamienna, I was then sent to Czestochowa. From there I was sent to Gross Rosen, Nordhausen, Dora, and finally Bergen-Belsen where I was liberated by the British.
After liberation, I remained in Bergen-Belsen, which was converted to a Displaced Person’s (DP) camp where I married and had a child, Toby. We remained there until December, 1949 when we immigrated to Detroit.